Sinclair Spectrum Joystick Interface Add-on Adapter

The Joystick Interface Add-on Adapter facilitates the connection of the QuickShot 1 joystick to a Sinclair Spectrum home computer. This adapter behaves as an interface and has a 9-pin socket for the joystick connection.
Sinclair Interface

The circuit is extremely simple consisting of two buffer integrated circuits (IC) that normalise the electrical signals from the switch contacts on the joystick. The following sections of this article, shows the circuit design which any enthusiast could build without difficulty.
Expansion Slot Interface

Cost / eBay
These are becoming difficult to find, due to people throwing them away. Unfortunately, people used to throw these away like toxic waste so they are hard to come by if you are a retro gamer looking for one. However, the good news is that it uses a simple circuit, which might be possible to build.
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Sinclair Spectrum Joystick Interface Add-on AdapterInside Sinclair Spectrum Joystick Interface Add-on
QuickShot 1 - Joystick